Transcatheter aortic valve implantation for pure aortic insufficiency in a patient following David-type aortic valve-sparing root replacement after aortic dissection-A successful off-label procedure.

Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) has traditionally been indicated for the treatment of aortic stenosis. However, in this case report, we describe a successful TAVI procedure in a 46-year-old male patient who had previously undergone David aortic valve-sparing aortic root replacement for type 1 aortic dissection. The patient presented with aortic valve insufficiency 4 years after the initial surgery and was subsequently treated with a 34 mm Medtronic CoreValve Evolut R prosthesis via TAVI. This case highlights the feasibility of TAVI as a viable treatment option for postoperative aortic valve insufficiency in patients with prior ascending aortic or aortic arch surgery.

A surgical method to be reminded for the treatment of symptomatic ipsilateral central venous occlusions in patients with hemodialysis access: Axillo-axillary venous bypass case report and review of the literature.

BACKGROUND: In this case report, we present two chronic hemodialysis patients with upper extremity swelling due to central venous occlusions together with their clinical presentation, surgical management and brief review of the literature. METHODS: The first patient who was a 63-year-old female patient with a history of multiple bilateral arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) was referred to our clinic. Physical examination demonstrated a functioning right brachio-cephalic AVF, with severe edema of the right arm, dilated venous collaterals, facial edema, and unilateral breast enlargement. In her history, multiple ipsilateral subclavian venous catheterizations were present for sustaining temporary hemodialysis access. The second patient was a 47-year-old male with a history of failed renal transplant, CABG surgery, multiple AV fistula procedures from both extremities, leg amputation caused by peripheral arterial disease, and decreased myocardial functions. He was receiving 3/7 hemodialysis and admitted to our clinic with right arm edema, accompanied by pain, stiffness, and skin hyperpigmentation symptoms ipsilateral to a functioning brachio-basilic AVF. He was not able to flex his arms, elbow, or wrist due to severe edema. RESULTS: Venography revealed right subclavian vein stenosis with patent contralateral central veins in the first patient. She underwent percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) twice with subsequent re-occlusions. After failed attempts of PTA, the patient was scheduled for axillo-axillary venous bypass in order to preserve the AV access function. In second patient, venography revealed right subclavian vein occlusion caused secondary to the subclavian venous catheters. Previous attempts for percutaneously crossing the chronic subclavian lesion failed multiple times by different centers. Hence, the patient was scheduled for axillo-axillary venous bypass surgery. CONCLUSION: In case of chronic venous occlusions, endovascular procedures may be ineffective. Since preserving the vascular access function is crucial in this particular patient population, venous bypass procedures should be kept in mind as an alternative for central venous reconstruction, before deciding on ligation and relocation of the AVF.

Follow-up Results of Endovascular Aneurysm Repair Following Abdominal Visceral Debranching

ABSTRACT Introduction: The aim of this study is to present a series of six cases with thoracoabdominal aneurysm treated with hybrid technique in our center. Methods: Between May 2015 and December 2018, the data of six patients with thoracoabdominal aneurysms and various comorbidities who underwent visceral debranching followed by endovascular aortic aneurysm repair were reviewed retrospectively. Results: Patients' mean age was 65.3±19.6 years. All of them were male. Comorbidities were old age, congestive heart failure, coronary artery disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, previous surgical interventions, and/or esophageal hemangioma. Except for one patient who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting (inflow was taken from ascending aorta), debranching was performed from the right iliac artery. Debranching of four visceral arteries (superior mesenteric artery, celiac trunk, and bilateral renal right arteries) was performed in three patients, of three visceral arteries (superior mesenteric artery, celiac trunk, right renal artery) was performed in one, and of two visceral arteries (superior mesenteric artery, celiac trunk) was performed in two patients. Great saphenous vein and 6-mm polytetrafluoroethylene grafts were used in one and five patients, respectively, for debranching. Endovascular aneurysm repair was performed following debranching procedures as soon as the patients were stabilized. In total, three patients died at the early, mid, and long-term follow-up due to multiorgan failure, pneumonia, and unknown reasons. Conclusion: Hybrid repair of thoracoabdominal aneurysms may be an alternative to fenestrated or branched endovascular stent grafts in patients with increased risk factors for open surgical thoracoabdominal aneurysm repair; however, the procedure requires experience and care.

Giant Left Anterior Descending Coronary Artery Aneurysm in a Patient with Behçet's Disease.

Coronary artery involvement is quite rare in the course of Behçet's disease. Complications secondary to coronary artery aneurysms, including rupture, dissection, and myocardial ischemia, may be fatal. In young patients without cardiovascular risk factors, systemic inflammatory vasculitis syndromes should be investigated in case of acute coronary syndrome secondary to dilated coronary arteries. In this report, we present our management strategy in a 31-year-old male patient with Bechet's disease.

Giant Left Anterior Descending Coronary Artery Aneurysm in a Patient with Behçet's Disease

ABSTRACT Coronary artery involvement is quite rare in the course of Behçet's disease. Complications secondary to coronary artery aneurysms, including rupture, dissection, and myocardial ischemia, may be fatal. In young patients without cardiovascular risk factors, systemic inflammatory vasculitis syndromes should be investigated in case of acute coronary syndrome secondary to dilated coronary arteries. In this report, we present our management strategy in a 31-year-old male patient with Bechet's disease.

Follow-up Results of Endovascular Aneurysm Repair Following Abdominal Visceral Debranching.

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study is to present a series of six cases with thoracoabdominal aneurysm treated with hybrid technique in our center. METHODS: Between May 2015 and December 2018, the data of six patients with thoracoabdominal aneurysms and various comorbidities who underwent visceral debranching followed by endovascular aortic aneurysm repair were reviewed retrospectively. RESULTS: Patients' mean age was 65.3±19.6 years. All of them were male. Comorbidities were old age, congestive heart failure, coronary artery disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, previous surgical interventions, and/or esophageal hemangioma. Except for one patient who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting (inflow was taken from ascending aorta), debranching was performed from the right iliac artery. Debranching of four visceral arteries (superior mesenteric artery, celiac trunk, and bilateral renal right arteries) was performed in three patients, of three visceral arteries (superior mesenteric artery, celiac trunk, right renal artery) was performed in one, and of two visceral arteries (superior mesenteric artery, celiac trunk) was performed in two patients. Great saphenous vein and 6-mm polytetrafluoroethylene grafts were used in one and five patients, respectively, for debranching. Endovascular aneurysm repair was performed following debranching procedures as soon as the patients were stabilized. In total, three patients died at the early, mid, and long-term follow-up due to multiorgan failure, pneumonia, and unknown reasons. CONCLUSION: Hybrid repair of thoracoabdominal aneurysms may be an alternative to fenestrated or branched endovascular stent grafts in patients with increased risk factors for open surgical thoracoabdominal aneurysm repair; however, the procedure requires experience and care.

Interleukin-35 Levels in Patients with Stable Coronary Artery Disease. / Níveis de Interleucina-35 em Pacientes com Doença Arterial Coronariana Estável.

BACKGROUND: It has been shown that interleukin-35 (IL-35) subunits are strongly expressed in atherosclerotic plaques in humans. Therefore, it is considered to play a role in atherosclerosis. OBJECTIVES: In this study, IL-35 levels were compared with the control group in patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD), and the association between IL-35 levels and the lesion type, lesion severity and extension was investigated with the Gensini score (GS) and the Syntax score (SS) in the patient group. METHODS: Sixty patients (18 female and 42 male) with CAD diagnosed by coronary angiography, who presented with typical chest pain and positive noninvasive cardiac stress test, and 46 patients (18 female and 28 male) with normal coronary lumenogram, were included in this study. Gensini and Syntax scores were calculated in the patient group, and these values were compared with IL-35 levels. Non-normally distributed variables were analyzed by the Mann-Whitney U test, whereas normally distributed parameters were assessed by Student's t-test. The difference between categorical variables were evaluated by the Chi-square or Fisher test. P-values<0.05 were considered as statistically significant. RESULTS: No significant differences were observed between patients and the control group in terms of demographic characteristics and laboratory findings. Compared to the control group, IL-35 levels of the CAD group were considerably lower (36.9±63.9 ng/ml vs. 33.2±13.2 ng/ml, p<0.008). Although not statistically significant, IL-35 levels were higher in patients with low SS than among those with high SS (33.2±13.7 vs. 31.8±8.9, p=0.51). The IL-35 values of the patients with high GS were significantly lower than in patients with low GS (35±17.4 vs. 30.7±8.6, p=0.043). CONCLUSION: It has been shown that IL-35 levels can be a new biomarker for stable CAD, and IL-35 is associated with the extension of CAD.

FUNDAMENTO: Foi demonstrado que as subunidades de interleucina-35 (IL-35) estão fortemente expressas nas placas ateroscleróticas em humanos. Assim, considera-se que elas têm um papel na aterosclerose. OBJETIVOS: Neste estudo, os níveis de IL-35 foram comparados com o grupo controle em pacientes com doença arterial coronariana (DAC) estável, e a associação entre os níveis de IL-35 e o tipo, gravidade e extensão da lesão foram investigadas com o escore Gensini (GS) e o escore Syntax (SS) no grupo de pacientes. MÉTODOS: Sessenta pacientes (18 mulheres e 42 homens) com DAC, diagnosticados por meio da angiografia coronária, que apresentaram dor no peito típica e teste de esforço não invasivo positivo, e 46 pacientes (18 mulheres e 28 homens) com luminograma normal, foram incluídos no estudo. Tanto o GS quanto o SS foram calculados para o grupo de pacientes, e esses valores foram comparados com os níveis de IL-35. Variáveis com distribuição não normal foram avaliadas com o teste U de Mann-Whitney, enquanto os parâmetros com distribuição normal foram analisados com o teste t de Student. A diferença entre as variáveis categóricas foi avaliada pelo teste de qui-quadrado ou de Fisher. Os valores de p<0,05 foram considerados como estatisticamente sinificativos. RESULTADOS: Não foram observadas diferenças significativas entre pacientes e o grupo controle em termos de características demográficas e achados laboratoriais. Em comparação ao grupo controle, os níveis de IL-35 no grupo com DAC foram consideravalmente menores (36,9±63,9 ng/ml vs. 33,2±13,2 ng/ml, p<0,008). Embora não tenha sido estatisticamente significativo, os níveis de IL-35 foram maiores em pacientes com SS mais baixo do que nos com SS mais alto (33,2±13,7 vs. 31,8±8,9, p=0,51). Os valores de IL-35 em pacientes com GS alto foram significativamente mais baixos do que em pacientes com GS baixo (35±17,4 vs. 30,7±8,6, p=0,043). CONCLUSÃO: Demonstrou-se que os níveis de IL-35 podem ser um novo biomarcador para a DAC estável, e que a IL-35 está associada à extensão da DAC.

Addition of the duration of ST segment depression to Duke treadmill score for diagnostic accuracy of exercise electrocardiography to predict obstructive coronary artery disease.

INTRODUCTION: Exercise electrocardiography (EET) is a safe and cost-effective method to predict the presence, prognosis, and severity of coronary artery disease (CAD). Various score models have been developed to increase predictive power of EET. In this study, we aimed to evaluate whether adding ST depression duration could have an effect on increasing the value of Duke treadmill score (DTS) in predicting obstructive CAD. METHODS: In this single centred, cross-sectional study, we evaluated a total of 258 patients who presented with a complaint of chest pain and undergone coronary angiogram in result of a positive EET. DTS was calculated for all the patients. The new score-revised DTS- was calculated by adding total ST depression time to classical DS parameters. We compared area under the curve (AUC) of DTS and revised DTS by Delongi method. RESULTS: Mean age of the group was 58.43 ± 9.37, and 37.2% (n = 96) were female. Mean total ST-depression duration was 171.72 ± 91.43 msec in normal artery group,241.54 ± 118.11 msec in non-obstructive CAD group, and 281.26 ± 113.64 in obstructive CAD group.ST-depression duration in both exercise and recovery, and total ST depression duration were significantly higher in obstructive CAD group than non-obstructive and normal artery groups (p = 0.024, p = 0.01, p < 0.01, and p < 0.01, respectively). Revised DTS had significantly higher predictive value of obstructive CAD compared to classical DS (AUC (95%CI): 0.744 vs. 0.626, p < 0.001). The AUC of DS was significantly lower than the new score (z-score:3.274, p = 0.011). CONCLUSION: In conclusion, adding ST depression duration to DTS calculation is increasing the discriminative value of DTS to predict obstructive CAD. Benefits of EET within the context of the management of CAD is well-known, hence, it is clear that physicians may use revised DTS.

Preliminary Results of a New Illuminated Radiofrequency Ablation Catheter for the Treatment of Great Saphenous Vein Reflux Disease.

Introduction: In the current study, we present single surgeon experience of a new radiofrequency ablation system, the catheter, and the device. Patients and Methods: The new system, which comprises a generator and an intervally illuminated radiofrequency ablation catheter, was used for the treatment of 272 consecutive patients with chronic venous insufficiency of the great saphenous vein between November 2017 and October 2018. Mean age of the patients was 53.40 ± 11.91 years. Mean saphenous vein diameter was 8.51 ± 2.45 mm. Bilateral great saphenous vein reflux disease was present in 19% (51 cases) of the patients. At the end of the procedure, the closure of the great saphenous vein was confirmed with Doppler ultrasonography. Results: Procedures could be successfully performed in all, except 1 obese (BMI> 30 kg/m2) male patient. At the 3rd month, outpatient clinic follow-up control Doppler USG revealed successful ablation of the treated great saphenous vein in 260 patients (96%), whereas in 12 cases (4%), there was continuing reflux. The diameters of the saphenous veins in these patients ranged between 6.9 mm and 19.5 (mean: 10.68 ± 3.41) mm. Ten patients could be treated successfully with ablation with the same device controlled both at the interventional section as well as on the 3rd month outpatient clinic follow-up. The remaining patients underwent high ligation of the great saphenous vein. Paresthesia occurred in 1 patient and had been permanent. Hematoma occurred in a male patient and resolved spontaneously. Conclusion: Preliminary results of our new radiofrequency ablation device with illumination guidance for the treatment of great saphenous vein reflux disease indicated successful results with enhanced physician utilization, comfort, and reliability.

Níveis de Interleucina-35 em Pacientes com Doença Arterial Coronariana Estável / Interleukin-35 Levels in Patients with Stable Coronary Artery Disease

Resumo Fundamento Foi demonstrado que as subunidades de interleucina-35 (IL-35) estão fortemente expressas nas placas ateroscleróticas em humanos. Assim, considera-se que elas têm um papel na aterosclerose. Objetivos Neste estudo, os níveis de IL-35 foram comparados com o grupo controle em pacientes com doença arterial coronariana (DAC) estável, e a associação entre os níveis de IL-35 e o tipo, gravidade e extensão da lesão foram investigadas com o escore Gensini (GS) e o escore Syntax (SS) no grupo de pacientes Métodos Sessenta pacientes (18 mulheres e 42 homens) com DAC, diagnosticados por meio da angiografia coronária, que apresentaram dor no peito típica e teste de esforço não invasivo positivo, e 46 pacientes (18 mulheres e 28 homens) com luminograma normal, foram incluídos no estudo. Tanto o GS quanto o SS foram calculados para o grupo de pacientes, e esses valores foram comparados com os níveis de IL-35. Variáveis com distribuição não normal foram avaliadas com o teste U de Mann-Whitney, enquanto os parâmetros com distribuição normal foram analisados com o teste t de Student. A diferença entre as variáveis categóricas foi avaliada pelo teste de qui-quadrado ou de Fisher. Os valores de p<0,05 foram considerados como estatisticamente sinificativos. Resultados Não foram observadas diferenças significativas entre pacientes e o grupo controle em termos de características demográficas e achados laboratoriais. Em comparação ao grupo controle, os níveis de IL-35 no grupo com DAC foram consideravalmente menores (36,9±63,9 ng/ml vs. 33,2±13,2 ng/ml, p<0,008). Embora não tenha sido estatisticamente significativo, os níveis de IL-35 foram maiores em pacientes com SS mais baixo do que nos com SS mais alto (33,2±13,7 vs. 31,8±8,9, p=0,51). Os valores de IL-35 em pacientes com GS alto foram significativamente mais baixos do que em pacientes com GS baixo (35±17,4 vs. 30,7±8,6, p=0,043). Conclusão Demonstrou-se que os níveis de IL-35 podem ser um novo biomarcador para a DAC estável, e que a IL-35 está associada à extensão da DAC.

Abstract Background It has been shown that interleukin-35 (IL-35) subunits are strongly expressed in atherosclerotic plaques in humans. Therefore, it is considered to play a role in atherosclerosis. Objectives In this study, IL-35 levels were compared with the control group in patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD), and the association between IL-35 levels and the lesion type, lesion severity and extension was investigated with the Gensini score (GS) and the Syntax score (SS) in the patient group. Methods Sixty patients (18 female and 42 male) with CAD diagnosed by coronary angiography, who presented with typical chest pain and positive noninvasive cardiac stress test, and 46 patients (18 female and 28 male) with normal coronary lumenogram, were included in this study. Gensini and Syntax scores were calculated in the patient group, and these values were compared with IL-35 levels. Non-normally distributed variables were analyzed by the Mann-Whitney U test, whereas normally distributed parameters were assessed by Student's t-test. The difference between categorical variables were evaluated by the Chi-square or Fisher test. P-values<0.05 were considered as statistically significant. Results No significant differences were observed between patients and the control group in terms of demographic characteristics and laboratory findings. Compared to the control group, IL-35 levels of the CAD group were considerably lower (36.9±63.9 ng/ml vs. 33.2±13.2 ng/ml, p<0.008). Although not statistically significant, IL-35 levels were higher in patients with low SS than among those with high SS (33.2±13.7 vs. 31.8±8.9, p=0.51). The IL-35 values of the patients with high GS were significantly lower than in patients with low GS (35±17.4 vs. 30.7±8.6, p=0.043). Conclusion It has been shown that IL-35 levels can be a new biomarker for stable CAD, and IL-35 is associated with the extension of CAD.

Intracardiac masses: Single center experience within 12 years: I-MASS Study.

Objective: The aim of this cross-sectional, retrospective, descriptive study was to review and classify cardiac masses systematically and to determine their frequencies. Methods: The medical records of 64,862 consecutive patients were investigated within 12 years. Every patient with a cardiac mass imaged by transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) and confirmed with an advanced imaging modality such as transesophageal echocardiography (TEE), computed tomography (CT) and/or cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) was included. Acute coronary syndromes triggering thrombus formation, vegetations, intracardiac device and catheter related thrombi were excluded. Results: Data demonstrated 127 (0.195%) intracardiac masses consisting of 33 (0.050%) primary benign, 3 (0.004%) primary malignant, 20 (0.030%) secondary tumors, 3 (0.004%) hydatid cysts and 68 (0.104%) thrombi respectively. The majority of primary cardiac tumors were benign (91.67%), predominantly myxomas (78.79%), and the less malignant (8.33%). Secondary cardiac tumors were common than the primary malignant tumors (20:3), with male dominancy (55%), lymphoma and lung cancers were the most frequent. Intracardiac thrombi was the majority of the cardiac masses, thrombi accompanying malignancies were in the first range (n = 17, 25%), followed by autoimmune diseases (n = 13, 19.12%) and ischemic heart disease with low ejection fraction (n = 12, 17.65%). Conclusions: This retrospective analysis identified 127 patients with cardiac masses. The majority of benign tumors were myxoma, the most common tumors that metastasized to the heart were lymphoma and lung cancers, and the thrombi associated with malignancies and autoimmune diseases were the most frequent.

How much do the Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction Know about Chest Pain, Thrombolytic Therapy, and Other Factors Affecting the Treatment Time in the Emergency Room?

Abstract Background: Treatment time in the emergency room for acute myocardial infarction is very important and can be life-saving if one understands the importance of a patient's chest pain. Objetice: The aim of this study is to evaluate how much patients entering the emergency room due to acute myocardial infection (AMI) know about chest pain and thrombolytic therapy. Materials and Methods: One hundred fifty patients (126 males,14 females) from three different institutes with complaints of chest pain were randomly chosen to participate in this study. The mean age of the patients was 55.4 ± 11.2 years (71+33). Patients were asked to fill out a questionnaire consisting of 70 questions within the first seven days. All differences in categorical variables were computed using the χ2-test and Fisher Exact test. A two-tailed hypothesis was used in all statistical evaluations, and p<0.05 was considered significant. Results: It was observed that 17% of the patients came to the hospital within the first 30 minutes; 18.3% of them came to the hospital between 30 minutes and 1 hour; 27.5% of them came to the hospital between 1 hour and 3 hours; and 21.4% of them came to the hospital more than 6 hours after symptoms began. It was also observed that 68% of the patients were not aware of the AMI, and 96% of them had no prior knowledge of antithrombolytic therapy. Conclusion: Because the majority of the patients did not have enough information about AMI, a training program should be implemented to ensure that people to come to the hospital earlier. (Int J Cardiovasc Sci. 2021; [online].ahead print, PP.0-0)

Aortic aneurysm evaluation by scanning acoustic microscopy and Raman spectroscopy.

Aortic aneurysm is observed as a result of the extensive alteration in the elasticity of the aortic wall due to the breakdown of elastin and collagen. In this study, we studied the feasibility of scanning acoustic microscopy (SAM) and Raman spectroscopy (RS) in characterizing the dilated segments of the aorta from male and female patients with aortic aneurysm. SAM determined the acoustic property variation in the aorta by calculating the acoustic impedance values of aorta samples of 18 patients. RS determined the disease states by analyzing the chemical variation especially in the peaks related to elastin and collagen using the k-means classification method. Consequently, we assume that combining these two techniques in clinics will help to investigate the dilated segment of the aorta with micrometer resolution, which will reduce the possibility of new aneurysm formation due to a segment not excised during the surgery.

Efficiency of Prophylactic Ablation of the Tributary Venous Pathways Draining Around the Saphenofemoral Junction to Decrease the Rate of Future Varicose Vein and Symptoms Occurence.

BACKGROUND: There are various other collaterals draining into the venous system around the saphenofemoral junction in addition to the great saphenous vein. We aimed to determine the efficiency of prophylactic ablation of tributary veins in long term varicose vein and symptom recurrence. METHODS: Two hundred and sixty-three consecutive patients whom underwent radiofrequency ablation therapy for the treatment of superficial venous reflux disease were investigated. There were 129 patients who received isolated great saphenous vein ablation (Group A) where as 134 patients underwent ablation of the other tributary veins in addition to the great saphenous vein (Group B) between June 2015 and January 2017. The tributary superficial veins; refluxing and/or not refluxing, draining into the saphenofemoral junction were selectively catheterized and ablated in Group B. Patients are followed at least 1 year after the procedures regulary and researched for recurrence of varciose veins and symptoms. RESULTS: Gender, mean age, body mass index, diameter of the great saphenous veins, small saphenous vein disease, and grade of deep venous insufficiency did not differ significantly between the two groups. The mean number of tributary veins were similar in both groups (n: 1.9 ± 0.4 in Group A vs. n: 1.8 ± 0.7 in Group B) which were detected preoperatively as well as during the procedure. The mean number of ablated tributary venous pathways could be 1.4 ± 0.6 in Group B. During the follow up period symptoms related with varicose veins recurred in 19 patients in Group A where as in 7 patients in Group B (P < 0.05). Three of these symptomatic patients in Group B were the ones in whom the tributary pathways could not be catheterized ablated where as 14 patients in Group A were diagnosed with newly refluxing tributary pathways. All the symptomatic patients in both groups were managed medically and/or with additional interventions. CONCLUSION: The absence of any fascial unsheathing and the parietal weakness are suggestive of a lower resistance of the tributary veins wall, so collapse and size of veins make it more complex to catheterization regarding to great saphenous vein. Ablation of the tributary superficial venous pathways during the treatment of great saphenous vein reflux disease decreased the rate of recurrence of superficial venous reflux disease and patients symtoms in our modest cohort.

Thoracoabdominal Aortic Aneursym Accompanied by Leriche Syndrome in a Patient with Coronary Artery Disease: Management Strategy in a Single Case Experience.

Aneurysms and occlusive pathologies of the aorta are frequently associated with atherosclerosis; however, thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm accompanied by Leriche syndrome is an extremely rare condition with challenging treatment strategy and without established surgical treatment protocols. In this report, we present our treatment strategy in a 64-year-old male patient with ischemic heart disease and type 5 thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm accompanied by Leriche syndrome.

The efficacy of rotational pharmaco-mechanical thrombectomy in patients with acute iliofemoral deep vein thrombosis: Is the standard treatment of deep vein thrombosis changing?

OBJECTIVE: In this study, we aimed to evaluate the efficiency of rotational thrombectomy device in pharmaco-mechanical thrombolysis for symptomatic acute ilio-femoral deep vein thrombosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between August 2013 and May 2018,82 patients with acute deep vein thrombosis comprising the iliofemoral segment whom underwent Pharmaco-mechanical thrombolysis were evaluated retrospectively. The Cleaner thrombectomy device was used. The resolution of thrombi was examined and graded. Development of post-thrombotic syndrome was assessed with Villalta scores. RESULTS: 75 patients (91.4%) had complete thrombus resolution. Between 50-99% resolution was noted in 6 patients (7.4%) and in one (1.2%) case less than %50 thrombus resolution was obtained. Seventy-five patients (91%) of the cohort could be treated in a single session; 7 patients (8.6%) required reintervention(s). Although improved post-thrombotic syndrome rates were lower at the short term, Villalta scores gradually increased during follow up. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, Pharmaco-mechanical thrombolysis with Cleaner thrombectomy device is a safe and beneficial method for the treatment of acute iliofemoral deep vein thrombosis. Long term follow up data of large volume multicenter studies are warranted.

Efficacy of Rotational Atherectomy Followed by Drug-coated Balloon Angioplasty for the Treatment of Femoropopliteal Lesions-Comparison with Sole Drug-coated Balloon Revascularization: Two-year Outcomes.

BACKGROUND: We aimed to evaluate the results of the combined use of rotational atherectomy (RA) followed by drug-coated balloon (DCB) treatment against DCB angioplasty alone in patients who had significantly calcified and symptomatic femoropopliteal peripheral arterial disease. METHODS: Patients presented to the clinic with symptoms of chronic limb ischemia of femoropopliteal segment such as moderate or severe claudication and rest pain, who received endovascular therapy between January 2016 and January 2018 in our hospital comprised the study cohort and investigated, retrospectively. Patients with minor or major tissue loss were excluded from the study. We evaluated the effect of RA system followed by DCB with DCB alone in 121 patients and a total of 226 significantly calcified and symptomatic femoropopliteal lesions. Fifty-eight patients and 112 (49.5%) lesions were treated with RA + DCB, whereas 63 patients and 114 (50.5%) lesions were treated with DCB only. The mean age was 61.2 ± 9.7 years. Primary patency is evaluated with duplex ultrasound/angiography at 6, 12, and 24 months and with angiography on 12 and 24 months. Patients were followed up for 24 months to assign clinically driven target lesion revascularization (TLR). Overall survival rates were 96.5% (56/58) in RA + DCB group and 93.6% (59/63) in DCB alone group both at one-year and two-year follow-up. Amputation-free survival rates of RA + DCB and DCB-only groups are 96.5% (56/58) to 87.3% (55/63) at one year, and 94.8% (55/58) to 82.5% (52/63) at two years, respectively. RESULTS: Baseline characteristics of groups were similar. The lesions were longer in the RA + DCB group than the DCB alone group (14.4 ± 5.2 cm vs. 10.2 ± 3.1 cm; P = 0.05). The technical success rate in the RA + DCB group was superior to that of DCB-only group (95.4% vs. 84.8%, P = 0.006). The 12-month and 24-month patency rates with angiography in the RA-DCB group were similar to those in the DCB-only group (85.7% vs. 74.6% and 73.2% vs. 62.7%, respectively). The rates of bailout stenting were significantly lower among patients treated with RA + DCB (n = 3; 5.1% vs. n = 13; 20.6%, P < 0.001). The rates of flow-limiting dissections and vessel recoils after procedures were significantly in RA + DCB group (n = 2; 3.4% vs. n = 8; 12.6%, P < 0.001) than DCB only (n = 1; 1.7% vs. n = 4; 6.3%, P < 0.002). The freedom from TLR rate was significantly increased in the RA + DCB group at 12 months (95.2% vs. 76.3%, P = 0.002) and 24 months (93.4% vs. 63.7%, P = 0.002). The mean ankle brachial index at discharge in the RA-DCB group improved by 0.35 ± 0.24, and in the DCB-only group, it was 0.30 ± 0.23 (P = 0.683). CONCLUSIONS: Combined use of RA and DCB treatment is an effective, safe, and durable method for the treatment of the complex femoropopliteal lesions. Combination of RA and DCB angioplasty reveals increased technical success, fewer flow-limiting dissections, significantly reduced TLR, and bailout stenting rates compared with sole DCB angioplasty.

Preoperative Arterial and Venous Cannulation in Redo Cardiac Surgery: From the Safety and Cost-effectiveness Points of View.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the safety and cost-effectiveness of preoperative cannulation and conventional approach techniques. METHODS: Sixty-one patients who underwent redo open cardiac procedures between September 2015 and November 2018 were divided into two groups - Group A (n: 30), patients who underwent conventional cannulation after sternotomy, and Group B (n: 31), those who underwent cannulation before sternotomy. Patients were evaluated retrospectively for general complication rates and total hospital costs. RESULTS: Mortality occurred in four patients from Group A and in one patient from Group B. Four patients required extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in Group A, whereas two required ECMO in Group B. Duration of total operation, cardiopulmonary bypass, and cross-clamp times were longer in the conventional surgery group than in the pre-sternotomy cannulation group (420.29±188.84 vs. 314.77±187.38, P=0.036; 171.87±85.59 vs. 141.7±82.47, P=0.089; and 102.94±70.67 vs. 60.97±52.81, P=0.009; respectively). Total blood and blood product usage were higher in Group A than in Group B. Postoperative intensive care unit stay was 62.77±145.3 hours vs. 25.13±73.11 hours, ventilation time was 5.16±5.09 hours vs. 3.03±2.78 hours, duration of ward stay was 5.23±2.52 days vs. 5.57±2.16 days, and duration of hospital stay was 9.58±5.85 days vs. 9.8±5.31 days in conventional sternotomy and pre-sternotomy cannulation groups, respectively. Total hospital costs were calculated 35863.52±20803.99 Turkish Liras (TL) in Group A and 25744.74±16472.03 TL in Group B (P=0,042). CONCLUSION: Venous and arterial cannulations before sternotomy decreased myocardial injury and complication rates, blood and blood product usage, hospital stay, and, consequently, hospital costs in our modest cohort.

Preoperative arterial and venous cannulation in redo cardiac surgery: from the safety and cost-effectiveness points of view

Abstract Objective: To investigate the safety and cost-effectiveness of preoperative cannulation and conventional approach techniques. Methods: Sixty-one patients who underwent redo open cardiac procedures between September 2015 and November 2018 were divided into two groups - Group A (n: 30), patients who underwent conventional cannulation after sternotomy, and Group B (n: 31), those who underwent cannulation before sternotomy. Patients were evaluated retrospectively for general complication rates and total hospital costs. Results: Mortality occurred in four patients from Group A and in one patient from Group B. Four patients required extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in Group A, whereas two required ECMO in Group B. Duration of total operation, cardiopulmonary bypass, and cross-clamp times were longer in the conventional surgery group than in the pre-sternotomy cannulation group (420.29±188.84 vs. 314.77±187.38, P=0.036; 171.87±85.59 vs. 141.7±82.47, P=0.089; and 102.94±70.67 vs. 60.97±52.81, P=0.009; respectively). Total blood and blood product usage were higher in Group A than in Group B. Postoperative intensive care unit stay was 62.77±145.3 hours vs. 25.13±73.11 hours, ventilation time was 5.16±5.09 hours vs. 3.03±2.78 hours, duration of ward stay was 5.23±2.52 days vs. 5.57±2.16 days, and duration of hospital stay was 9.58±5.85 days vs. 9.8±5.31 days in conventional sternotomy and pre-sternotomy cannulation groups, respectively. Total hospital costs were calculated 35863.52±20803.99 Turkish Liras (TL) in Group A and 25744.74±16472.03 TL in Group B (P=0,042). Conclusion: Venous and arterial cannulations before sternotomy decreased myocardial injury and complication rates, blood and blood product usage, hospital stay, and, consequently, hospital costs in our modest cohort.